Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Brown - Chemistry: The Central Science 15th Edition

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Brown 15th Edition

Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution

Problem 87a

Chapter 4, Problem 87a

A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed with a solution of 200.0 mL of 0.150 M NiSO₄. (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs.

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Identify the reactants: KOH and NiSO_4.

Determine the products of the reaction: KOH is a strong base and NiSO_4 is a salt, so they will undergo a double displacement reaction to form Ni(OH)_2 and K_2SO_4.

Write the unbalanced chemical equation: KOH + NiSO_4 -> Ni(OH)_2 + K_2SO_4.

Balance the chemical equation by ensuring the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.

The balanced chemical equation is: 2 KOH + NiSO_4 -> Ni(OH)_2 + K_2SO_4.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Acid-Base Reactions

Acid-base reactions involve the transfer of protons (H+) between reactants. In this case, KOH acts as a strong base, providing hydroxide ions (OH-) that can react with metal cations. Understanding the nature of acids and bases is crucial for predicting the products of the reaction.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations. It allows us to determine the proportions of KOH and NiSO4 that will react, which is essential for writing the balanced chemical equation and understanding the quantities involved.

Precipitation Reactions

Precipitation reactions occur when two soluble salts react to form an insoluble compound, or precipitate. In this scenario, the reaction between KOH and NiSO4 may produce nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2), which is insoluble in water. Recognizing the solubility rules helps in identifying the products of the reaction.

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Textbook Question

The distinctive odor of vinegar is due to acetic acid, CH3COOH, which reacts with sodium hydroxide according to: CH3COOH1aq2 + NaOH1aq2¡ H2O1l2 + NaCH3COO1aq2 If 3.45 mL of vinegar needs 42.5 mL of 0.115 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point in a titration, how many grams of acetic acid are in a 1.00-qt sample of this vinegar?

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Textbook Question

A solution is made by mixing 15.0 g of Sr(OH)2 and 55.0 mL of 0.200 M HNO3. b. Calculate the concentration of each ion remaining in solution.

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Textbook Question

A 4.36-g sample of an unknown alkali metal hydroxide is dissolved in 100.0 mL of water. An acid–base indicator is added, and the resulting solution is titrated with 2.50 M HCl(aq) solution. The indicator changes color, signaling that the equivalence point has been reached, after 17.0 mL of the hydrochloric acid solution has been added. (b) What is the identity of the alkali metal cation: Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, or Cs⁺?

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Textbook Question

A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed with a solution of 200.0 mL of 0.150 M NiSO_4.(b) What precipitate forms?

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Textbook Question

A solution is made by mixing 15.0 g of Sr(OH)2 and 55.0 mL of 0.200 M HNO3. c. Is the resulting solution acidic or basic?

A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed with a solution of 200.0 mL of 0.150 M NiSO4. (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs.

Verified video answer for a similar problem:

Key Concepts

Acid-Base Reactions

Stoichiometry

Precipitation Reactions

A solution of 100.0 mL of 0.200 M KOH is mixed with a solution of 200.0 mL of 0.150 M NiSO₄. (a) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that occurs.