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Problem 105
Write the balanced chemical equation for the fermentation of sucrose (C12H22O11) by yeasts in which the aqueous sugar reacts with water to form aqueous ethanol (C2H5OH) and carbon dioxide gas.
- Write the balanced equation for the photosynthesis reaction in which gaseous carbon dioxide and liquid water react in the presence of chlorophyll to produce aqueous glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen gas.
Problem 106
Problem 107c
Write the balanced chemical equation for each reaction. c. Aqueous hydrochloric acid reacts with solid manganese(IV) oxide to form aqueous manganese(II) chloride, liquid water, and chlorine gas.
Problem 108a
Write the balanced chemical equation for each reaction. a. Solid copper reacts with solid sulfur to form solid copper(I) sulfide.
Problem 108b
Write the balanced chemical equation for each reaction. b. Solid iron(III) oxide reacts with hydrogen gas to form solid iron and liquid water.
Problem 108c,d
Write the balanced chemical equation for each reaction.
c. Sulfur dioxide gas reacts with oxygen gas to form sulfur trioxide gas.
d. Gaseous ammonia (NH3) reacts with gaseous oxygen to form gaseous nitrogen monoxide and gaseous water.
Problem 110
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aqueous potassium hydroxide with aqueous iron(III) chloride to form solid iron(III) hydroxide and aqueous potassium chloride.
Problem 111
Balance each chemical equation. b. Co(NO3)3(aq) + (NH4)2S(aq) → Co2S3(s) + NH4NO3(aq)
Problem 112
Balance each chemical equation. a. Na2S(aq) + Cu(NO3)2(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + CuS(s) b. N2H4(l) → NH3(g) + N2(g) c. HCl(aq) + O2(g) → H2O(l) + Cl2(g) d. FeS(s) + HCl(aq) → FeCl2(aq) + H2S(g)
- Classify each compound as organic or inorganic: a. CaCO3 b. C4H8 c. C4H6O6 d. LiF
Problem 113
- Classify each compound as organic or inorganic: a. C8H18 b. CH3NH2 c. CaO d. FeCO3
Problem 114
Problem 116
Classify each hydrocarbon as an alkane, alkene, or alkyne. a. HC≡CH
- Write the formula based on the name, or the name based on the formula, for each hydrocarbon. a. propane b. CH3CH2CH3 c. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 d. octane
Problem 117
- Write the formula based on the name, or the name based on the formula, for each hydrocarbon: a. CH3CH3 b. pentane c. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3 d. heptane.
Problem 118
- Classify each organic compound as a hydrocarbon or a functionalized hydrocarbon. For functionalized hydrocarbons, identify the compound’s family. a. H3C-CH2OH
Problem 119
Problem 122
A drop of water has a volume of approximately 0.05 mL. How many water molecules does it contain? The density of water is 1.0 g/cm3.
Problem 123a,b
Determine the chemical formula of each compound and then use it to calculate the mass percent composition of each constituent element. a. potassium chromate b. lead(II) phosphate
Problem 123c
Determine the chemical formula of each compound and then use it to calculate the mass percent composition of each constituent element. c. sulfurous acid
Problem 123d
Determine the chemical formula of each compound and then use it to calculate the mass percent composition of each constituent element. d. cobalt(II) bromide
Problem 124
Determine the chemical formula of each compound and then use it to calculate the mass percent composition of each constituent element. c. nitrogen triiodide
Problem 125
A Freon leak in the air-conditioning system of an old car releases 25 g of CF2Cl2 per month. What mass of chlorine does this car emit into the atmosphere each year?
- A Freon leak in the air-conditioning system of a large building releases 12 kg of CHF2Cl per month. If the leak is allowed to continue, how many kilograms of Cl will be emitted into the atmosphere each year?
Problem 126
Problem 127
A metal (M) forms a compound with the formula MCl3. If the compound contains 65.57% Cl by mass, what is the identity of the metal?
Problem 128
A metal (M) forms an oxide with the formula M2O. If the oxide contains 16.99% O by mass, what is the identity of the metal?
- Estradiol is a female sexual hormone that is responsible for the maturation and maintenance of the female reproductive system. Elemental analysis of estradiol gives the following mass percent composition: C 79.37%, H 8.88%, O 11.75%. The molar mass of estradiol is 272.37 g/mol. Find the molecular formula of estradiol.
Problem 129
Problem 130
Fructose is a common sugar found in fruit. Elemental analysis of fructose gives the following mass percent composition: C 40.00%, H 6.72%, O 53.28%. The molar mass of fructose is 180.16 g/mol. Find the molecular formula of fructose.
Problem 131
Combustion analysis of a 13.42-g sample of equilin (which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) produces 39.61 g CO2 and 9.01 g H2O. The molar mass of equilin is 268.34 g/mol. Find its molecular formula.
Problem 132
Estrone, which contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, is a female sexual hormone in the urine of pregnant women. Combustion analysis of a 1.893-g sample of estrone produces 5.545 g of CO2 and 1.388 g H2O. The molar mass of estrone is 270.36 g/mol. Find its molecular formula.
Problem 133
Epsom salts is a hydrated ionic compound with the following formula: MgSO4 • x H2O. A 4.93-g sample of Epsom salts is heated to drive off the water of hydration. The mass of the sample after complete dehydration is 2.41 g. Find the number of waters of hydration (x) in Epsom salts.
Problem 134
A hydrate of copper(II) chloride has the following formula: CuCl2 • x H2O. The water in a 3.41-g sample of the hydrate is driven off by heating. The remaining sample has a mass of 2.69 g. Find the number of waters of hydration (x) in the hydrate.