Textbook Question
What are the units of k for each type of reaction?
a. first-order reaction
b. second-order reaction
c. zero-order reaction
1049
views
Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217
Not the one you use?Change textbookSelect a different textbook
Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving90
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements94
- Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds103
- Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities46
- Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions65
- Ch.6 - Gases100
- Ch.7 - Thermochemistry85
- Ch.8 - The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom51
- Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements79
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model70
- Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory68
- Ch.12 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces44
- Ch.13 - Solids & Modern Materials42
- Ch.14 - Solutions77
- Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics88
- Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium57
- Ch.17 - Acids and Bases121
- Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium126
- Ch.19 - Free Energy & Thermodynamics80
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry87
- Ch.21 - Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry61
- Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry114
Chapter 15, Problem 38b
This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction versus the concentration of the reactant.
b. Make a rough sketch of a plot of [A] versus time
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the relationship between rate and concentration: The rate of a reaction is often dependent on the concentration of the reactants. This relationship can be expressed through a rate law, which is an equation that relates the rate of a reaction to the concentration of the reactants.
Identify the order of the reaction: The shape of the rate versus concentration graph can help determine the order of the reaction. For example, if the graph is linear, the reaction is likely first-order with respect to the reactant. If the graph is a curve, it might be second-order or zero-order.
Sketch the [A] versus time graph: Based on the order of the reaction, sketch the concentration of reactant [A] over time. For a zero-order reaction, [A] decreases linearly over time. For a first-order reaction, [A] decreases exponentially. For a second-order reaction, [A] decreases more steeply at first and then levels off.
Label the axes: On your sketch, label the y-axis as [A], representing the concentration of the reactant, and the x-axis as time.
Indicate the initial concentration: Mark the initial concentration of [A] at time zero on the y-axis. This will help in visualizing how the concentration changes over time.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Reaction Rate
The reaction rate is a measure of how quickly reactants are converted into products in a chemical reaction. It is typically expressed as the change in concentration of a reactant or product per unit time. Understanding the factors that influence reaction rates, such as concentration, temperature, and catalysts, is essential for analyzing reaction kinetics.
Recommended video:
Guided course
02:03
Average Rate of Reaction
Concentration vs. Time Graphs
A concentration versus time graph illustrates how the concentration of a reactant or product changes over the course of a reaction. The shape of this graph can provide insights into the reaction order and kinetics. For example, a linear decrease in concentration suggests a zero-order reaction, while a curved graph may indicate first or second-order kinetics.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:12Precipitation: Ksp vs Q Example
Integrated Rate Laws
Integrated rate laws relate the concentration of reactants or products to time, allowing for the prediction of concentration changes over the course of a reaction. These laws vary depending on the order of the reaction (zero, first, or second order) and are crucial for sketching concentration versus time plots accurately. Understanding these laws helps in interpreting experimental data and predicting reaction behavior.
Recommended video:
Guided course
01:52Rate Law Fundamentals
Related Practice
Textbook Question
This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction versus the concentration of the reactant.
a. What is the order of the reaction with respect to A?
480
views
Textbook Question
This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction versus the concentration of the reactant A for the reaction A → products. c. Write a rate law for the reaction including an estimate for the value of k.
1703
views
Textbook Question
This graph shows a plot of the rate of a reaction versus the concentration of the reactant A for the reaction A → products. a. What is the order of the reaction with respect to A?
535
views
Textbook Question
A reaction in which A, B, and C react to form products is first order in A, second order in B, and zero order in C. b. What is the overall order of the reaction?
422
views
Textbook Question
This reaction is first order in N2O5: N2O5(g) → NO3(g) + NO2(g) The rate constant for the reaction at a certain temperature is 0.053/s. a. Calculate the rate of the reaction when [N2O5] = 0.055 M
531
views