Textbook Question
Determine the product of the addition reaction.
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Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry
Tro6th EditionChemistry: A Molecular ApproachISBN: 9780137832217
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Matter, Measurement & Problem Solving90
- Ch.2 - Atoms & Elements94
- Ch.3 - Molecules and Compounds103
- Ch.4 - Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities46
- Ch.5 - Introduction to Solutions and Aqueous Solutions65
- Ch.6 - Gases100
- Ch.7 - Thermochemistry85
- Ch.8 - The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom51
- Ch.9 - Periodic Properties of the Elements79
- Ch.10 - Chemical Bonding I: The Lewis Model70
- Ch.11 - Chemical Bonding II: Molecular Shapes, VSEPR & MO Theory68
- Ch.12 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces44
- Ch.13 - Solids & Modern Materials42
- Ch.14 - Solutions77
- Ch.15 - Chemical Kinetics88
- Ch.16 - Chemical Equilibrium57
- Ch.17 - Acids and Bases121
- Ch.18 - Aqueous Ionic Equilibrium126
- Ch.19 - Free Energy & Thermodynamics80
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry87
- Ch.21 - Radioactivity & Nuclear Chemistry61
- Ch.22 - Organic Chemistry114
Chapter 22, Problem 78b
Draw the structure of each aldehyde or ketone.
b. 2-pentanone
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the functional group for ketones, which is a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms.
Recognize that '2-pentanone' indicates a five-carbon chain (pentane) with a ketone group on the second carbon.
Draw a straight chain of five carbon atoms to represent pentane: C-C-C-C-C.
Place the carbonyl group (C=O) on the second carbon atom in the chain.
Complete the structure by adding hydrogen atoms to each carbon to satisfy the tetravalency of carbon, ensuring each carbon forms four bonds.
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Aldehydes and Ketones
Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O). In aldehydes, the carbonyl group is located at the end of the carbon chain, while in ketones, it is found within the chain. This structural difference influences their chemical properties and reactivity.
Structural Representation
The structure of organic compounds can be represented using various notations, including Lewis structures, condensed formulas, and skeletal formulas. For aldehydes and ketones, it is essential to accurately depict the carbonyl group and the surrounding carbon atoms to convey the compound's identity and functional groups.
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Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
The IUPAC nomenclature system provides a standardized method for naming organic compounds. For ketones, the name includes the root derived from the longest carbon chain containing the carbonyl group, followed by the suffix '-one.' In the case of 2-pentanone, 'pentan-' indicates a five-carbon chain, and '2-' specifies the position of the carbonyl group.
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Related Practice
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Textbook Question
Determine the product of the addition reaction.
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