Textbook Question
Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.
What structure is closest to B?
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10. Transcription
Overview of Transcription
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Which statement is most correct regarding transcription and translation in eukaryotic cells?
A
Translation produces mRNA from DNA templates.
B
Both transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm.
C
Transcription occurs in the nucleus, while translation occurs in the cytoplasm.
D
Transcription and translation are simultaneous processes in eukaryotes.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the processes involved. Transcription is the process where messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized from a DNA template, and translation is the process where proteins are synthesized from the mRNA sequence.
Step 2: Identify the cellular locations where these processes occur in eukaryotic cells. Transcription takes place inside the nucleus because that is where the DNA is housed.
Step 3: Recognize that after transcription, the mRNA is processed and then transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Step 4: Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain (protein).
Step 5: Note that in eukaryotes, transcription and translation are separated both spatially and temporally, meaning they do not happen simultaneously, unlike in prokaryotes.
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