Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

10. Transcription

Overview of Transcription

Genetics

10. Transcription

Overview of Transcription

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2:55 minutes

Problem 39f

Textbook Question

Answer the following questions about the accompanying diagram.

What structure is closest to D? Be specific.

Verified step by step guidance

Examine the diagram provided. The labeled structures include A (double-stranded DNA), B (RNA polymerase), C (mRNA strand), D (ribosome), E (tRNA), F (polypeptide chain), and G (amino acids).

Identify the location of structure D in the diagram. Structure D is labeled as the ribosome, which is actively translating the mRNA strand (C).

Determine the structure closest to D. The ribosome (D) is directly interacting with structure E, which is labeled as tRNA. tRNA molecules are responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation.

Understand the relationship between D and E. The ribosome (D) uses tRNA (E) to decode the mRNA sequence and assemble the polypeptide chain (F).

Conclude that the structure closest to D is E (tRNA), as it is directly involved in the translation process occurring at the ribosome.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Transcription

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). This process involves the enzyme RNA polymerase, which binds to the DNA at a specific region and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand. Understanding transcription is crucial for interpreting the diagram, as it illustrates the steps and components involved in this fundamental biological process.

RNA Polymerase

RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during transcription. It unwinds the DNA double helix and adds RNA nucleotides in a sequence complementary to the DNA strand. In the diagram, the structure labeled 'B' likely represents RNA polymerase, which is essential for initiating and elongating the RNA strand, making it a key player in the transcription process.

Promoter Region

The promoter region is a specific sequence of DNA located upstream of a gene that signals the start of transcription. It is where RNA polymerase binds to initiate the transcription process. In the diagram, the structure labeled 'E' may represent elements of the promoter region, which are critical for the regulation of gene expression and determining where transcription begins.