Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

21. Population Genetics

Allelic Frequency Changes

Genetics

21. Population Genetics

Allelic Frequency Changes

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1:59 minutes

Problem 39c

Textbook Question

New allopolyploid plant species can arise by hybridization between two species. If hybridization occurs between a diploid plant species with 2n = 14 and a second diploid species with 2n = 22, the new allopolyploid would have 36 chromosomes. What pattern of speciation is illustrated by the development of the allopolyploid species?

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of allopolyploidy: Allopolyploidy occurs when two different species hybridize, and the resulting hybrid undergoes chromosome doubling, leading to a new species with a combination of chromosomes from both parent species.

Identify the chromosome numbers of the parent species: The first diploid species has 2n = 14 chromosomes, and the second diploid species has 2n = 22 chromosomes. These represent the total chromosome counts for each species.

Determine the chromosome count in the hybrid: When hybridization occurs, the hybrid initially inherits one set of chromosomes from each parent species. This results in a hybrid with n = 7 (from the first species) + n = 11 (from the second species), giving a total of 18 chromosomes.

Explain chromosome doubling in allopolyploidy: In allopolyploidy, the hybrid undergoes chromosome doubling, which duplicates the chromosome count. Doubling the 18 chromosomes results in 36 chromosomes in the new allopolyploid species.

Conclude the pattern of speciation: The development of the allopolyploid species illustrates a form of sympatric speciation, where a new species arises without geographic isolation, through hybridization and chromosome doubling.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Allopolyploidy

Allopolyploidy is a form of polyploidy that occurs when two different species hybridize, resulting in a new species with multiple sets of chromosomes from both parent species. In the case of the new plant species described, the combination of the diploid chromosome sets from both parent species leads to a total of 36 chromosomes, illustrating how genetic material from different species can combine to create viable offspring.

Hybridization

Hybridization is the process where two distinct species interbreed to produce hybrid offspring. This can occur naturally or through human intervention. In the context of the question, hybridization between the two diploid species results in a hybrid that possesses genetic material from both parents, which is crucial for the subsequent formation of the allopolyploid species.

Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. The development of an allopolyploid species through hybridization exemplifies a specific pattern of speciation known as sympatric speciation, where new species arise from a common ancestor while inhabiting the same geographic area, often facilitated by genetic changes such as polyploidy.

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New allopolyploid plant species can arise by hybridization between two species. If hybridization occurs between a diploid plant species with 2n = 14 and a second diploid species with 2n = 22, the new allopolyploid would have 36 chromosomes. What type of isolation mechanism is most likely to prevent hybridization between the allopolyploid and the diploid species?

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