Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

Genetics

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

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2:17 minutes

Problem 11b

Textbook Question

Describe the role of the following structures or proteins in cell division:
Cohesin protein

Verified step by step guidance

Understand that cohesin is a protein complex that plays a critical role in cell division by ensuring sister chromatids remain attached to each other after DNA replication.

Learn that cohesin forms a ring-like structure around sister chromatids, physically holding them together to maintain their alignment during the early stages of mitosis and meiosis.

Recognize that cohesin is essential for proper chromosome segregation, as it prevents premature separation of sister chromatids, which could lead to aneuploidy or other genetic errors.

Explore how cohesin is regulated during cell division: it is cleaved by the enzyme separase during anaphase, allowing sister chromatids to separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Understand the broader significance of cohesin in maintaining genomic stability and its involvement in certain genetic disorders when its function is impaired.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cohesin Protein

Cohesin is a protein complex that plays a crucial role in holding sister chromatids together after DNA replication. It forms a ring-like structure that encircles the chromatids, ensuring they remain attached until the appropriate stage of cell division. This attachment is vital for accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis, preventing aneuploidy.

Cell Division

Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. It encompasses two main types: mitosis, which results in two genetically identical cells, and meiosis, which produces gametes with half the genetic material. Proper regulation of cell division is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair.

Chromosome Segregation

Chromosome segregation is the process during cell division where replicated chromosomes are separated and distributed into daughter cells. This process is critical for maintaining genetic stability, as each daughter cell must receive an accurate copy of the genetic material. Cohesin proteins are integral to this process, as they ensure that sister chromatids are held together until the right moment for separation.

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