Multiple Choice
Which type of mutation results in the substitution of a single nucleotide that changes a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid?
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17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination
Types of Mutations
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Which of the following mutations changes one codon to a chemically different amino acid?
A
Silent mutation
B
Conservative missense mutation
C
Nonconservative missense mutation
D
Nonsense mutations
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the types of mutations: Silent mutations do not change the amino acid sequence, conservative missense mutations change the amino acid to one with similar properties, nonconservative missense mutations change the amino acid to one with different properties, and nonsense mutations introduce a stop codon.
Identify the mutation type that changes the codon to a chemically different amino acid: A nonconservative missense mutation alters the amino acid to one with different chemical properties.
Consider the impact of a nonconservative missense mutation: This type of mutation can affect protein function due to the change in chemical properties of the amino acid.
Compare the mutation types: Silent mutations do not affect the protein's function, conservative missense mutations have minimal impact, and nonsense mutations can truncate the protein.
Conclude that a nonconservative missense mutation is the correct answer as it changes the codon to a chemically different amino acid, potentially altering protein function significantly.
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