Table of contents

1. Introduction to Genetics51m
2. Mendel's Laws of Inheritance3h 37m
3. Extensions to Mendelian Inheritance2h 41m
4. Genetic Mapping and Linkage2h 28m
5. Genetics of Bacteria and Viruses1h 21m
6. Chromosomal Variation1h 48m
7. DNA and Chromosome Structure56m
8. DNA Replication1h 10m
9. Mitosis and Meiosis1h 34m
10. Transcription1h 0m
11. Translation58m
12. Gene Regulation in Prokaryotes1h 19m
13. Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes44m
14. Genetic Control of Development44m
15. Genomes and Genomics1h 50m
16. Transposable Elements47m
17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination1h 6m
18. Molecular Genetic Tools19m
- Genetic Cloning
  9m
- Methods for Analyzing DNA
  9m
19. Cancer Genetics29m
- Overview of Cancer
  21m
- Cancer Mutations
  7m
20. Quantitative Genetics1h 26m
21. Population Genetics50m
- Hardy Weinberg
  19m
- Allelic Frequency Changes
  31m
22. Evolutionary Genetics29m

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

Genetics

9. Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis

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1:45 minutes

Problem 2d

Textbook Question

Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n = 48. For each of the following stages of M phase, identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell.
Early mitotic prophase

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the diploid number: The diploid number (2n) represents the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell. For chimpanzees, 2n = 48, meaning there are 48 chromosomes in a diploid cell.

Recall the stage of mitosis: Early mitotic prophase is the stage where chromosomes begin to condense, but the number of chromosomes in the cell remains unchanged from the diploid number.

Determine the chromosome count: Since no division or separation has occurred yet in early mitotic prophase, the number of chromosomes in the cell remains equal to the diploid number, which is 48.

Consider chromatid duplication: Although the chromosomes have duplicated their DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle, they are still counted as single chromosomes because sister chromatids are attached at the centromere.

Conclude the chromosome count: In early mitotic prophase, the cell contains 48 chromosomes, each consisting of two sister chromatids, but the chromosome count remains 48.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Diploid Number

The diploid number (2n) refers to the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell, where chromosomes exist in pairs. In the case of chimpanzees, the diploid number is 48, meaning there are 24 pairs of homologous chromosomes. This concept is crucial for understanding how chromosomes are organized and distributed during cell division.

M Phase of the Cell Cycle

M Phase, or mitotic phase, is the stage of the cell cycle where cell division occurs, encompassing both mitosis and cytokinesis. During this phase, the replicated chromosomes condense and align for separation. Understanding M Phase is essential for determining the number of chromosomes present at various stages of cell division, such as prophase.

Chromosome Structure in Mitosis

During early mitotic prophase, chromosomes become visible as distinct structures due to the condensation of chromatin. Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. At this stage, although the chromatids are still attached, the total number of chromosomes is counted as the number of centromeres, which remains 48 for chimpanzees, reflecting their diploid state.

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How do we know that DNA replication occurs during interphase, not early in mitosis?

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How do we know that chromosomes exist in homologous pairs?

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Examine the following diagrams of cells from an organism with diploid number 2n=6, and identify what stage of M phase is represented.

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Textbook Question

Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n = 48. For each of the following stages of M phase, identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell.

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Textbook Question

Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n = 48. For each of the following stages of M phase, identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell.

End of mitotic telophase

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Textbook Question

What role do the following cellular components play in the storage, expression, or transmission of genetic information: (a) chromatin, (b) nucleolus, (c) ribosome, (d) mitochondrion, (e) centriole, (f) centromere?

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Textbook Question

Discuss the concepts of homologous chromosomes, diploidy, and haploidy. What characteristics do two homologous chromosomes share?

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Textbook Question

Describe the organization of the interphase nucleus. Include in your presentation a description of chromosome territories, interchromatin compartments, and transcription factories.

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Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n = 48. For each of the following stages of M phase, identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell.Early mitotic prophase

Key Concepts

Diploid Number

M Phase of the Cell Cycle

Chromosome Structure in Mitosis

Watch next

Our closest primate relative, the chimpanzee, has a diploid number of 2n = 48. For each of the following stages of M phase, identify the number of chromosomes present in each cell.
Early mitotic prophase