DNA footprint protection is a method that determines whether proteins bind to a specific sample of DNA and thus protect part of the DNA from random enzymatic cleavage by DNase I. A 400-bp segment of cloned DNA is thought to contain a promoter. The cloned DNA is analyzed by DNA footprinting to help determine if it has the capacity to act as a promoter sequence. The accompanying gel has two lanes, each containing the cloned 400-bp DNA fragment treated with DNase I to randomly cleave unprotected DNA. Lane 1 is cloned DNA that was mixed with RNA polymerase II and several TFII transcription factors before exposure to DNase I. Lane 2 contains cloned DNA that was exposed only to DNase I. RNA pol II and TFIIs were not mixed with that DNA before adding DNase I. Explain why this gel provides evidence that the cloned DNA may act as a promoter sequence.
15. Genomes and Genomics
Bioinformatics
2:27 minutesProblem B.3
Textbook Question
Go to the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (http://www.nichd.nih.gov), locate the search box at the top right corner of the homepage, and enter 'RUSP' to search for information on the Recommended Uniform Screening Panel. From the options that appear, select 'Brief History of Newborn Screening' and locate the discussion listing the criteria for adding a disease to the RUSP list. What are the criteria for listing a disease on the RUSP list?
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Recommended Uniform Screening Panel (RUSP)
The RUSP is a list of disorders recommended by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services for newborn screening. It guides states on which conditions to screen for early detection and treatment, aiming to improve health outcomes. Understanding RUSP helps contextualize why certain diseases are prioritized.
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Criteria for Adding Diseases to RUSP
Diseases are added to the RUSP based on specific criteria including the availability of a reliable screening test, evidence that early detection improves outcomes, and the feasibility of treatment. These criteria ensure that only conditions with significant health impact and actionable interventions are included.
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Newborn Screening and Public Health Impact
Newborn screening is a public health program that tests infants shortly after birth to identify treatable genetic, metabolic, or infectious conditions. The goal is to prevent severe health problems through early intervention, making the selection criteria for RUSP critical to maximizing benefits and resource use.
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