22. Evolutionary Genetics

Which of the following structures on a phylogenetic tree represents the evolutionary connections between organisms?

Which principle is NOT used to construct a phylogenetic tree?

Why might mitochondrial, Y chromosome, and autosomal DNA provide different perspectives on our evolutionary past, for example, with respect to our relationship with Neanderthals?

What insights have analyses of human mitochondrial DNA provided into our recent evolutionary past?

What lines of evidence support the hypothesis that modern humans evolved in Africa and then subsequently migrated throughout the globe?

Discuss how both gains and losses of regulatory elements may lead to human-specific traits.