Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Transcription: mRNA Synthesis

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Transcription: mRNA Synthesis

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1:30 minutes

Problem 39

Textbook Question

Write the corresponding section of mRNA produced from the following section of DNA template strand:
C C G A A G G T T C A C

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the DNA template strand provided: C C G A A G G T T C A C.

Recall the base-pairing rules for transcription, where DNA bases pair with complementary RNA bases: Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G), Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C), Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U), and Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A).

Using the base-pairing rules, transcribe each DNA base into its corresponding RNA base: C → G, G → C, A → U, T → A.

Write out the sequence of the mRNA strand by applying the transcription rules to each base in the DNA template strand sequentially.

Double-check the transcribed mRNA sequence to ensure that all base-pairing rules have been applied correctly and that the sequence is accurate.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Transcription

Transcription is the biological process in which the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During this process, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA template strand and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by pairing RNA nucleotides with their corresponding DNA bases, following the base-pairing rules.

Base Pairing Rules

Base pairing rules dictate how nucleotides pair during the transcription process. In RNA, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U) instead of thymine (T), while cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Understanding these rules is essential for accurately determining the mRNA sequence from a given DNA template.

Template Strand

The template strand of DNA is the strand that serves as a guide for RNA synthesis during transcription. It is read in the 3' to 5' direction, allowing the RNA polymerase to synthesize the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction. Identifying the correct template strand is crucial for producing the accurate mRNA sequence.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

Write the sequence of pre-mRNA produced from the following DNA informational strand.

5’ AATCAGTGACGT 3’

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Textbook Question

If the sequence T-A-C-C-C-T appears on the informational strand of DNA, what sequence appears opposite it on the template strand? Label your answer with 3′ and 5′ ends.

492

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Textbook Question

What mRNA base sequences are complementary to the following DNA template sequences? Be sure to label the 5′ and 3′ ends of the complementary sequences.

a. 5′ CAT GCT CTA CAG 3′

1170

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Textbook Question

Match each of the following processes (1 to 5) with one of the items (a to e):

2. transcription

a. amino acids are linked together

b. RNA template is used to synthesize DNA

c. helicase unwinds DNA

d. genetic information is transferred from DNA

e. sticky ends join new DNA segment

495