Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Transcription: mRNA Synthesis

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Transcription: mRNA Synthesis

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4:04 minutes

Problem 89b

Textbook Question

Answer the following questions for the given section of DNA:
b. Using the new strand as a template, write the mRNA sequence.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the DNA sequence provided in the problem. If the sequence is not explicitly given, refer to the image or accompanying material to extract the DNA sequence.

Determine the complementary DNA strand (template strand) by pairing the bases according to the base-pairing rules: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Using the template strand, transcribe the mRNA sequence. Replace Thymine (T) in the DNA with Uracil (U) in the mRNA, while keeping the complementary base-pairing rules: Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Write out the resulting mRNA sequence in the 5' to 3' direction, as mRNA is synthesized in this orientation during transcription.

Double-check the mRNA sequence to ensure that all base-pairing rules have been correctly applied and that the sequence is written in the correct orientation.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

DNA Structure

DNA is composed of two strands forming a double helix, with each strand made up of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). The sequence of these bases encodes genetic information, and the strands are complementary, meaning adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine.

Transcription

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA template strand and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand by pairing RNA nucleotides with the DNA bases, replacing thymine with uracil. This mRNA strand then carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

mRNA Sequence

The mRNA sequence is a strand of RNA that is complementary to the DNA template strand used during transcription. It is crucial for protein synthesis, as it contains codons that specify the amino acids in a protein. Understanding how to derive the mRNA sequence from the DNA template involves recognizing the base pairing rules and the substitution of uracil for thymine in RNA.