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1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
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BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Ester Reactions: Saponification

GOB Chemistry

16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives

Ester Reactions: Saponification

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2:36 minutes

Problem 79d

Textbook Question

Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
d. Use condensed structural formulas to write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the chemical reaction involved. Base hydrolysis of an ester (propyl acetate) with NaOH is a saponification reaction, where the ester reacts with a strong base to produce an alcohol and a carboxylate salt.

Step 2: Write the condensed structural formula for propyl acetate. Propyl acetate is an ester with the formula CH3COOCH2CH2CH3, where the acetate group (CH3COO-) is bonded to a propyl group (CH2CH2CH3).

Step 3: Identify the reactants and products. The reactants are propyl acetate (CH3COOCH2CH2CH3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The products are propanol (CH3CH2CH2OH) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa).

Step 4: Write the balanced chemical equation using condensed structural formulas. Combine the reactants and products: CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 + NaOH → CH3CH2CH2OH + CH3COONa.

Step 5: Verify the equation is balanced. Ensure the number of atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation, and confirm the charge balance is maintained.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Ester Hydrolysis

Ester hydrolysis is a chemical reaction where an ester reacts with water to form an alcohol and a carboxylic acid. In the presence of a base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), this reaction is known as saponification. The process involves breaking the ester bond, leading to the formation of the corresponding alcohol and carboxylate salt.

Condensed Structural Formulas

Condensed structural formulas provide a simplified representation of a molecule's structure, showing how atoms are connected without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In these formulas, groups of atoms are often grouped together to indicate their connectivity, making it easier to visualize the molecular structure and understand the reaction mechanisms involved.

Balanced Chemical Equations

A balanced chemical equation represents a chemical reaction with equal numbers of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. Balancing ensures the law of conservation of mass is upheld, meaning that matter is neither created nor destroyed in the reaction. This is crucial for accurately depicting the stoichiometry of the reaction, which is essential for predicting the amounts of reactants and products involved.

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Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products of the following:

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Textbook Question

Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.

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d. Write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.

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Textbook Question

Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.

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e. How many milliliters of a 0.208 M NaOH solution is needed to completely hydrolyze (saponify) 1.58 g of propyl acetate?

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Textbook Question

Ethyl octanoate is a flavor component of mangoes.

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e. How many milliliters of a 0.315 M NaOH solution is needed to completely hydrolyze (saponify) 2.84 g of ethyl octanoate?

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Multiple Choice

Name alcohol formed when the following ester undergoes a saponification reaction.

Household soap is a mixture of the sodium or potassium salts of long-chain carboxylic acids that arise from saponification of animal fat.

b. Draw the structures of the soap molecules produced in the following reaction:

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Textbook Question

What are the products of the base hydrolysis of an ester?

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Textbook Question

Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formulas for the products from the acid- or base-catalyzed hydrolysis of each of the following:

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Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.d. Use condensed structural formulas to write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.

Key Concepts

Ester Hydrolysis

Condensed Structural Formulas

Balanced Chemical Equations

Watch next

Propyl acetate is the ester that gives the odor and smell of pears.
d. Use condensed structural formulas to write the balanced chemical equation for the base hydrolysis of propyl acetate with NaOH.