Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

The Citric Acid Cycle

GOB Chemistry

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

The Citric Acid Cycle

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4:04 minutes

Problem 95d

Textbook Question

Match the following ATP yields to reactions a to g:
1.5 ATP 2.5 ATP 7 ATP 10 ATP
12 ATP 32 ATP 36 ATP
d. Acetyl CoA goes through one turn of the citric acid cycle.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the context of the problem. The question is asking to match ATP yields to specific reactions. In this case, the reaction mentioned is 'Acetyl CoA goes through one turn of the citric acid cycle.'

Step 2: Recall the key concept: During one turn of the citric acid cycle, Acetyl CoA is oxidized, producing NADH, FADH2, and GTP/ATP. These molecules are then used in oxidative phosphorylation to generate ATP.

Step 3: Break down the ATP yield from one turn of the citric acid cycle. Typically, one turn produces 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, and 1 GTP. Each NADH contributes approximately 2.5 ATP, each FADH2 contributes approximately 1.5 ATP, and GTP is equivalent to 1 ATP.

Step 4: Calculate the total ATP yield from one turn of the citric acid cycle using the contributions: (3 NADH × 2.5 ATP) + (1 FADH2 × 1.5 ATP) + (1 GTP × 1 ATP). This gives the total ATP yield for the reaction.

Step 5: Match the calculated ATP yield to the options provided in the problem. The correct ATP yield for one turn of the citric acid cycle corresponds to one of the values listed (e.g., 10 ATP).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

ATP Yield in Cellular Respiration

ATP yield refers to the amount of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced during metabolic processes, particularly in cellular respiration. Different pathways, such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, contribute varying amounts of ATP. Understanding these yields is crucial for matching specific reactions to their corresponding ATP outputs.

Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is a key metabolic pathway that occurs in the mitochondria. It processes acetyl CoA to produce energy-rich molecules, including NADH and FADH2, which are later used in the electron transport chain to generate ATP. One complete turn of the cycle typically yields 10 ATP, making it essential for understanding ATP production from acetyl CoA.

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration, occurring in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It involves the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, where electrons from NADH and FADH2 are transferred through protein complexes, ultimately leading to the production of ATP. This process is responsible for the majority of ATP generated during respiration, with yields often reaching up to 32 or 36 ATP per glucose molecule.