Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Electron Transport Chain

GOB Chemistry

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Electron Transport Chain

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1:02 minutes

Problem 47

Textbook Question

Where is NADH oxidized in electron transport, and what is its oxidized form?

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of NADH in cellular respiration: NADH is a key electron carrier that transfers electrons to the electron transport chain (ETC) in mitochondria.

Identify the location of NADH oxidation: NADH is oxidized at Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) in the electron transport chain, which is embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Describe the oxidation process: During oxidation, NADH donates two electrons to Complex I, which are then passed through the ETC to ultimately reduce oxygen to water.

Determine the oxidized form of NADH: When NADH is oxidized, it loses electrons and is converted into NAD⁺ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).

Connect the process to energy production: The transfer of electrons from NADH to the ETC generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

The Electron Transport Chain is a series of protein complexes located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that facilitate the transfer of electrons from electron donors like NADH to electron acceptors. This process generates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation. Understanding the ETC is crucial for identifying where NADH is oxidized.

NADH Oxidation

NADH is oxidized in the Electron Transport Chain, specifically at Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase). During this process, NADH donates electrons, which are then passed through the chain, ultimately leading to the reduction of oxygen to water. This oxidation is essential for cellular respiration and energy production.

Oxidized Form of NADH

The oxidized form of NADH is NAD+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide). When NADH donates electrons during oxidation, it loses a hydrogen ion and becomes NAD+. This conversion is vital for maintaining the balance of redox reactions in the cell and allows NAD+ to participate in further metabolic processes.

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