Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

17. Amines

Naming Amines

GOB Chemistry

17. Amines

Naming Amines

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1:06 minutes

Problem 55

Textbook Question

There are four amine isomers with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Draw their condensed structural formulas, write the common name, and classify each as a primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°) amine.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the molecular formula C₃H₉N. This indicates that the molecule contains three carbon atoms, nine hydrogen atoms, and one nitrogen atom. Amines are organic compounds derived from ammonia (NH₃) where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups.

Step 2: Begin by constructing the possible isomers. Start with the primary amine (1°), where the nitrogen atom is bonded to one alkyl group and two hydrogen atoms. Draw the condensed structural formula for CH₃CH₂CH₂NH₂ (propylamine).

Step 3: Next, consider another primary amine isomer. Rearrange the carbon chain to form an isomer with a branched structure. Draw the condensed structural formula for (CH₃)₂CHNH₂ (isopropylamine).

Step 4: Move on to the secondary amine (2°), where the nitrogen atom is bonded to two alkyl groups and one hydrogen atom. Draw the condensed structural formula for CH₃CH₂NHCH₃ (ethylmethylamine).

Step 5: Finally, construct the tertiary amine (3°), where the nitrogen atom is bonded to three alkyl groups and no hydrogen atoms. Draw the condensed structural formula for (CH₃)₃N (trimethylamine). Classify each isomer as primary, secondary, or tertiary based on the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Amine Classification

Amines are classified based on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the nitrogen atom. Primary (1°) amines have one carbon atom attached to the nitrogen, secondary (2°) amines have two, and tertiary (3°) amines have three. This classification is crucial for understanding the reactivity and properties of different amines.

Condensed Structural Formula

A condensed structural formula provides a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms without depicting all the bonds explicitly. For amines, this format helps in visualizing the connectivity of carbon and nitrogen atoms, which is essential for identifying isomers and their classifications.

Isomerism

Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. In the case of C₃H₉N, the four amine isomers differ in how the nitrogen atom is connected to the carbon skeleton, leading to variations in their chemical and physical properties, which must be recognized when drawing their structures.

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Write the common name for each of the following:

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Draw the condensed structural formula, or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following amines:

c. butylpropylamine

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Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:

b. cyclohexylamine

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Draw the condensed structural or line-angle formula if cyclic, for each of the following:

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Write the common name and classify each of the following compounds as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°): (14.5)

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Write the common name and classify each of the following compounds as primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°):

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Draw the condensed structural formula for a and b and the line-angle formula for c and d:

c. 3-methylbutyramide

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Name the following amines, and identify them as primary, secondary, or tertiary:

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There are four amine isomers with the molecular formula C3H9N. Draw their condensed structural formulas, write the common name, and classify each as a primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°) amine.

Key Concepts

Amine Classification

Condensed Structural Formula

Isomerism

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There are four amine isomers with the molecular formula C₃H₉N. Draw their condensed structural formulas, write the common name, and classify each as a primary (1°), secondary (2°), or tertiary (3°) amine.