Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

GOB Chemistry

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

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1:16 minutes

Problem 12b

Textbook Question

Name the straight-chain alkanes or cycloalkanes whose structure or formula is shown:
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the type of hydrocarbon structure shown in the image. Determine whether it is a straight-chain alkane or a cycloalkane based on the arrangement of carbon atoms.

Step 2: Count the number of carbon atoms in the structure. For straight-chain alkanes, this will determine the base name of the compound. For cycloalkanes, count the carbons in the ring structure.

Step 3: Refer to Table 4.1 to match the number of carbon atoms to the corresponding alkane name (e.g., methane for 1 carbon, ethane for 2 carbons, etc.). For cycloalkanes, use the prefix 'cyclo-' followed by the alkane name from Table 4.2.

Step 4: Check for any substituents or branches in the structure. If present, identify their position and name them according to IUPAC nomenclature rules.

Step 5: Combine the base name with any substituents or prefixes to form the complete name of the compound. Ensure the name follows proper IUPAC conventions.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, connected by single bonds. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Alkanes can be straight-chain (normal) or branched, and their names are derived from the number of carbon atoms, such as methane (1 carbon), ethane (2 carbons), and so on.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a type of alkane where the carbon atoms are arranged in a ring structure. They have the general formula CnH2n, which reflects the fact that they contain two fewer hydrogen atoms than their straight-chain counterparts due to the formation of the ring. Common examples include cyclopropane (3 carbons) and cyclohexane (6 carbons).

Structural Formulas

Structural formulas represent the arrangement of atoms within a molecule, showing how the atoms are bonded to each other. They can be depicted in various ways, including Lewis structures, condensed formulas, or skeletal formulas. Understanding structural formulas is crucial for identifying the type of hydrocarbon, whether it is a straight-chain alkane, branched alkane, or cycloalkane, based on the connectivity of the carbon atoms.