Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

GOB Chemistry

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

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Problem 18b

Textbook Question

What are the IUPAC names of the following cycloalkanes? Remember to assign priority to the attached groups alphabetically.
b.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent chain: Look for the largest continuous ring structure in the cycloalkane. The name of the parent chain will be based on the number of carbon atoms in the ring (e.g., cyclopropane for 3 carbons, cyclobutane for 4 carbons, etc.).

Identify and name the substituents: Examine the groups attached to the cycloalkane ring. Name each substituent according to its structure (e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc.).

Assign priority to substituents alphabetically: Arrange the substituents in alphabetical order to determine the numbering of the ring. For example, 'ethyl' comes before 'methyl' alphabetically.

Number the ring: Start numbering the ring from the substituent with the highest alphabetical priority. Continue numbering in the direction that gives the lowest possible numbers to the substituents.

Combine the names: Write the IUPAC name by listing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the parent chain name. Use hyphens to separate numbers from words and commas to separate multiple numbers (e.g., 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclopropane).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, ensuring that each name conveys specific information about the structure of the molecule. For cycloalkanes, the name reflects the number of carbon atoms in the ring and any substituents attached to it. The rules prioritize substituents alphabetically when determining the base name and numbering of the carbon atoms.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a class of hydrocarbons characterized by carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. They are saturated compounds, meaning they contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. The simplest cycloalkane is cyclopropane, which has three carbon atoms, and they can have various substituents that affect their naming and properties.

Substituent Priority

In IUPAC naming, substituent priority refers to the order in which substituents are considered when numbering the carbon atoms in a cycloalkane. Substituents are listed alphabetically based on their names, regardless of their position or size. This ensures a consistent and clear naming convention, allowing chemists to communicate effectively about the structure of the compound.