Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

2. Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ions and the Octet Rule (Simplified)

GOB Chemistry

2. Atoms and the Periodic Table

Ions and the Octet Rule (Simplified)

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2:17 minutes

Problem 78

Textbook Question

Explain why the hydride ion, H^-, has a noble gas configuration.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of a noble gas configuration: A noble gas configuration refers to the electron arrangement of noble gases, which have completely filled outer electron shells, making them stable.

Recall the electron configuration of a hydrogen atom: A neutral hydrogen atom has one proton and one electron, with an electron configuration of 1s¹.

Analyze the hydride ion (H⁻): The hydride ion is formed when a hydrogen atom gains one additional electron, resulting in a total of two electrons.

Determine the electron configuration of H⁻: With two electrons, the electron configuration of H⁻ becomes 1s², which is the same as the electron configuration of helium, a noble gas.

Conclude why H⁻ has a noble gas configuration: The hydride ion achieves a stable, fully filled 1s orbital, identical to the electron configuration of helium, thus giving it a noble gas configuration.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Hydride Ion (H-)

The hydride ion (H-) is formed when a hydrogen atom gains an extra electron, resulting in a negatively charged ion. This process occurs because hydrogen, with one electron, seeks to achieve a more stable electronic configuration. The addition of an electron allows it to mimic the electron configuration of the nearest noble gas, helium.

Noble Gas Configuration

Noble gas configuration refers to the electron arrangement of noble gases, which are characterized by having full outer electron shells. This full shell configuration makes noble gases highly stable and unreactive. For hydrogen, achieving a noble gas configuration means having two electrons in its outer shell, similar to helium, which is the closest noble gas.

Electron Configuration

Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in an atom's orbitals. For hydrogen, the electron configuration is 1s¹, indicating one electron in the first shell. When it gains an electron to form H-, its configuration becomes 1s², which matches the stable configuration of helium, thus explaining why H- is considered to have a noble gas configuration.

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