Textbook Question
Match the diagrams with the following:
b. a nonpolar solute and a polar solvent
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9. Solutions
Solubility and Intermolecular Forces
3:42 minutesProblem 3
Textbook Question
Describe the formation of an aqueous KI solution, when solid KI dissolves in water.
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the chemical formula of potassium iodide (KI), which is an ionic compound composed of potassium (K⁺) and iodide (I⁻) ions.
Understand that when solid KI is added to water, the polar water molecules interact with the ions in the KI crystal lattice.
Explain that the partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms of water molecules attracts the negatively charged iodide ions (I⁻), while the partial negative charge on the oxygen atoms of water molecules attracts the positively charged potassium ions (K⁺).
Describe how these interactions cause the KI crystal lattice to break apart, allowing the individual K⁺ and I⁻ ions to become surrounded by water molecules (a process called hydration).
Conclude that the result is an aqueous solution of KI, where the K⁺ and I⁻ ions are dispersed uniformly throughout the water, forming a homogeneous mixture.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Dissolution Process
The dissolution process involves the interaction between solute and solvent molecules. When solid KI (potassium iodide) is added to water, the polar water molecules surround the KI crystals, breaking the ionic bonds between potassium (K+) and iodide (I-) ions. This process results in the ions dispersing uniformly throughout the solution, creating an aqueous solution.
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Ionic Compounds in Water
Ionic compounds, like KI, consist of positively and negatively charged ions. In water, the polar nature of water molecules allows them to effectively solvate these ions. The positive end of water molecules attracts the iodide ions, while the negative end attracts the potassium ions, facilitating their separation and movement into the solution.
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Concentration of Solutions
The concentration of a solution refers to the amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solvent. In the case of an aqueous KI solution, the concentration can be expressed in terms of molarity, which is moles of KI per liter of solution. Understanding concentration is essential for predicting the properties and behavior of the solution, such as its conductivity and reactivity.
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