Textbook Question
Which of the following pairs of substances would you expect to form solutions?
a. CCl4 and water
b. Benzene (C6H6) and MgSO4
c. Hexane (C6H14) and heptane (C7H16)
d. Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) and heptanol (C7H15OH)
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9. Solutions
Solubility and Intermolecular Forces
Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is/are true?
I. The hydrocarbon methane (CH4) will dissolve completely in acetone (CH3COCH3).
II. Ammonia (NH3) will form a heterogeneous mixture with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).
III. Pentane (C5H12) will form a homogeneous mixture with carbon tetrabromide (CBr4).
IV. Methanethiol (CH3SH) is miscible in fluoromethane (CH3F).
A
I only
B
II and III
C
II, III, IV
D
III and IV
E
None of the above
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of solubility and miscibility. Solubility refers to the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent, forming a homogeneous mixture. Miscibility is a specific type of solubility where two liquids can mix in all proportions, forming a single phase.
Step 2: Analyze statement (a): Methane is a nonpolar molecule, while acetone is a polar solvent. Generally, 'like dissolves like,' meaning polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. Therefore, methane is unlikely to dissolve completely in acetone.
Step 3: Analyze statement (b): Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is polar, while carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is nonpolar. Due to their differing polarities, HF and CCl4 will not mix well, likely forming a heterogeneous mixture.
Step 4: Analyze statement (c): Pentane and carbon tetrabromide (CBr4) are both nonpolar substances. Nonpolar substances tend to mix well with each other, forming a homogeneous mixture.
Step 5: Analyze statement (d): Methanethiol (CH3SH) and fluoromethane (CH3F) are both polar molecules. Polar molecules are generally miscible with each other, so methanethiol is likely miscible in fluoromethane.
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