Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Intro to Metabolism

GOB Chemistry

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Intro to Metabolism

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0:45 minutes

Problem 21a

Textbook Question

Each of these reactions is involved in one of the four stages of metabolism shown in Figure 21.4. Identify the stage in which each reaction occurs.
<IMAGE>
a. Hydrolysis of starch to produce glucose

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the four stages of metabolism: (1) Digestion, (2) Acetyl-CoA production, (3) Citric acid cycle, and (4) ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation. Each stage has specific processes and reactions associated with it.

Recognize that the hydrolysis of starch to produce glucose involves breaking down a large carbohydrate (starch) into smaller, simpler sugar molecules (glucose). This is a catabolic process.

Recall that digestion is the first stage of metabolism, where macromolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into their monomeric units (e.g., glucose, amino acids, fatty acids).

Identify that the hydrolysis of starch is a digestive process catalyzed by enzymes like amylase, which breaks the glycosidic bonds in starch to release glucose molecules.

Conclude that the hydrolysis of starch to produce glucose occurs during the first stage of metabolism, which is digestion.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Metabolism

Metabolism refers to the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. It is divided into two main categories: catabolism, which breaks down molecules to produce energy, and anabolism, which uses energy to construct components of cells. Understanding metabolism is crucial for identifying how different biochemical reactions contribute to energy production and utilization in living organisms.

Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a chemical process that involves the breaking down of a compound by reaction with water. In the context of metabolism, hydrolysis is essential for the digestion of complex carbohydrates, such as starch, into simpler sugars like glucose. This process is vital for energy production, as glucose serves as a primary energy source for cells.

Stages of Metabolism

The four stages of metabolism include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and fermentation. Each stage plays a specific role in the conversion of nutrients into energy. Identifying which reactions occur in each stage helps in understanding the overall metabolic pathways and how energy is extracted from food sources.

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Textbook Question

Indicate whether the following processes represent anabolism or catabolism.

b. synthesis of fats

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Textbook Question

Indicate whether the following processes represent anabolism or catabolism.

b. generation of ATP from breakdown of fructose

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Multiple Choice

Which one of the following catabolism stages produces NADH?

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Textbook Question

The overall equation in this section,

shows the cycle between photosynthesis and oxidation. Pathways operating in opposite directions cannot be exergonic in both directions.

a. Which of the two pathways in this cycle is exergonic and which is endergonic?

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Textbook Question

Each of these reactions is involved in one of the four stages of metabolism shown in Figure 21.4. Identify the stage in which each reaction occurs.

<IMAGE>

b. Oxidation of NADH coupled with synthesis of ATP

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Textbook Question

Each of these reactions is involved in one of the four stages of metabolism shown in Figure 21.4. Identify the stage in which each reaction occurs.

<IMAGE>

c. Conversion of glucose to acetyl-CoA

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Textbook Question

What is the difference between digestion and metabolism?

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Textbook Question

Arrange the following events in the order in which they occur in a catabolic process: electron transport, digestion, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle.

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Each of these reactions is involved in one of the four stages of metabolism shown in Figure 21.4. Identify the stage in which each reaction occurs.<IMAGE>a. Hydrolysis of starch to produce glucose

Key Concepts

Metabolism

Hydrolysis

Stages of Metabolism

Watch next

Each of these reactions is involved in one of the four stages of metabolism shown in Figure 21.4. Identify the stage in which each reaction occurs.
<IMAGE>
a. Hydrolysis of starch to produce glucose