Q: Which of the following reactions represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

$$\text{Disaccharide} + H_2O \rightarrow \text{Monosaccharide} + \text{Monosaccharide}$$

Question 1

Which functional group is present at the anomeric carbon of the open-chain form of D-glucose, as shown in the first image?

Accepted Answer

Aldehyde

Question 2

When D-glucose is oxidized at its anomeric carbon, what is the resulting functional group?

Accepted Answer

Carboxylic acid

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the glycosidic bond in maltose?

Accepted Answer

$$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bond

Question 4

Which polysaccharide is composed of $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds and is a major structural component in plants?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose

Question 5

A patient with blood type AB can safely receive blood from which of the following blood types?

Accepted Answer

A, B, AB, O

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between amylose and amylopectin?

Accepted Answer

Amylose contains $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ bonds only, while amylopectin contains both $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ and $$\alpha(1 \rightarrow 6)$$ bonds.

Question 7

Which of the following reactions represents the hydrolysis of a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Disaccharide} + H_2O ightarrow 	ext{Monosaccharide} + 	ext{Monosaccharide}$$

Question 8

Which of the following is a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Lactose

Question 9

What is the main structural difference between chitin and cellulose?

Accepted Answer

Chitin contains N-acetylglucosamine units, while cellulose contains glucose units.

Question 10

If a person with type O blood donates to a person with type AB blood, what is the outcome?

Accepted Answer

The transfusion is safe because type O is the universal donor.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the oxidation of an alcohol to a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

It involves the intermediate formation of an aldehyde.

Question 12

Which glycosidic bond is present in cellobiose?

Accepted Answer

$$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$

Question 13

Which of the following statements about blood group antigens is correct?

Accepted Answer

Type A blood has the A antigen and anti-B antibodies.

Question 14

A solution contains both glucose and sucrose. Which test would distinguish between them based on their reducing properties?

Accepted Answer

Benedict's test, because glucose is a reducing sugar and sucrose is not.

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why cellulose cannot be digested by humans?

Accepted Answer

Humans lack the enzyme to hydrolyze $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct description of the structure of lactose?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of glucose and galactose joined by a $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bond.

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between a condensation and a hydrolysis reaction involving carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Condensation forms a glycosidic bond and releases water; hydrolysis breaks a glycosidic bond and consumes water.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why sucrose is not a reducing sugar?

Accepted Answer

Both anomeric carbons are involved in the glycosidic bond, preventing ring opening.

Question 19

A patient with type B blood receives type A blood. What is the likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

The recipient's immune system will attack the transfused blood.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of chitin?

Accepted Answer

It is a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine with $$\beta(1 \rightarrow 4)$$ glycosidic bonds.

Carbohydrates: Structure, Reactions, and Biological Roles

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