Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

It regulates the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood.

Question 2

A patient presents with fatigue and pale skin. Laboratory results show low hemoglobin and low iron levels. Which type of anemia is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency anemia

Question 3

Which of the following white blood cells is most abundant and acts as the first responder to bacterial infection by performing phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 4

A person with blood type AB negative ($$AB^-) $$can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

A negative ($$A^-)$$

Question 5

Which plasma protein is directly involved in the formation of blood clots?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 6

A newborn develops hemolytic disease due to Rh incompatibility. Which of the following best explains the underlying mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Maternal anti-Rh antibodies cross the placenta and destroy fetal Rh-positive red blood cells.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Producing red blood cells in adults

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the process of hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

The process of stopping bleeding through vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation

Question 9

A patient with a deficiency of Factor VIII is most likely to have which condition?

Accepted Answer

Hemophilia

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why a person with type O negative ($$O^-) $$blood is considered a universal donor?

Accepted Answer

Their red blood cells lack A, B, and Rh antigens, minimizing the risk of agglutination in recipients.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the spleen in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Filtering blood and removing old or damaged red blood cells

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with leukocytosis. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

An excessive number of white blood cells

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of B lymphocytes in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

They produce antibodies that target specific antigens.

Question 14

A patient with thrombocytopenia is at increased risk for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Excessive bleeding and easy bruising

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the flow of lymph through the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries → lymphatic vessels → lymph nodes → lymphatic trunks → lymphatic ducts → subclavian veins

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

It includes physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes.

Question 17

A patient with a genetic disorder resulting in abnormally shaped red blood cells experiences pain and anemia. Which condition does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph and trap bacteria, viruses, and cancer cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is a possible consequence of a mismatched blood transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Agglutination and hemolysis of red blood cells

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of the thymus in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

It is essential for the development and maturation of T lymphocytes.

Blood, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems: Medical Terminology Essentials

Study Guide - Practice Questions