Q: A student draws a red blood cell with a diameter of 20 mm. If the actual diameter of a red blood cell in the reference image is 8 mm, what is the magnification of the drawing? Use the formula $$\text{Magnification} = \frac{\text{Diameter of drawing}}{\text{Actual diameter}}.$$

$$\text{Magnification} = \frac{20}{8} = 2.5$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of red blood cells in the human circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

To transport oxygen using haemoglobin

Question 2

A student draws a red blood cell with a diameter of 20 mm. If the actual diameter of a red blood cell in the reference image is 8 mm, what is the magnification of the drawing? Use the formula $$	ext{Magnification} = \frac{	ext{Diameter of drawing}}{	ext{Actual diameter}}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Magnification} = \frac{20}{8} = 2.5$$

Question 3

Which structural adaptation of red blood cells allows them to carry more oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Biconcave shape increasing surface area

Question 4

Which blood vessel type is adapted to withstand the highest pressure, and what structural feature enables this?

Accepted Answer

Artery; thick muscular and elastic wall

Question 5

A patient suffers a cut and starts bleeding. Which blood component is primarily responsible for stopping the bleeding, and how?

Accepted Answer

Platelets; by forming a blood clot

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Transporting digested food, waste substances, and gases

Question 7

Why do veins have valves, and what is their function?

Accepted Answer

To prevent the backflow of blood

Question 8

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the function of capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Allowing exchange of oxygen and nutrients with body tissues

Question 9

A person has a diet high in saturated fats and cholesterol. Which cardiovascular disease are they most at risk for, and why?

Accepted Answer

Stroke, due to blockage of arteries supplying the brain

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a preventive measure for cardiovascular diseases?

Accepted Answer

Smoking cigarettes

Question 11

A pulse is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The stretching and recoiling of artery walls with each heartbeat

Question 12

Which of the following statements about white blood cells is correct?

Accepted Answer

They have a nucleus and are part of the immune system

Question 13

If a person’s artery supplying the heart muscle is partially blocked, what is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Heart attack due to reduced oxygen supply

Question 14

Which feature is common to all blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a lumen

Question 15

A patient’s blood test shows a low platelet count. Which of the following symptoms is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in blood clotting

Question 16

Which equation correctly calculates the percentage change in deaths from heart attack between two years, given the values $$A ($$initial) and $$B ($$final)?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{B - A}{A} 	imes 100$$

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why capillaries are only one cell thick?

Accepted Answer

To allow rapid exchange of substances between blood and tissues

Question 18

Which lifestyle change would most effectively reduce the risk of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Reducing salt intake

Question 19

Which of the following is a direct function of antibodies produced by white blood cells?

Accepted Answer

Binding to and helping destroy pathogens

Question 20

A person experiences paralysis after a blood vessel in the brain is blocked. What is the medical term for this condition?

Accepted Answer

Stroke

The Human Blood Circulatory System: Structure, Function, and Health

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