Textbook Question
Label components of the direct and indirect ELISA tests in the following situations. Which test is direct? Which test provides definitive proof of disease?
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Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 18, Problem 5
Use the following choices to answer questions 4 and 5:
a. Anti-Brucella
b. Brucella
c. Substrate for the enzyme
Which item is from the patient in an indirect ELISA test?
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the principle of an indirect ELISA test: it is used to detect antibodies in a patient's sample by using a known antigen attached to a surface.
Identify the components involved in an indirect ELISA: the antigen (which is fixed on the plate), the patient's sample (which may contain antibodies), and a secondary antibody that binds to the patient's antibodies.
Recognize that in an indirect ELISA, the patient's sample provides the antibodies that will bind to the antigen coated on the plate.
From the given choices, determine which item represents the patient's contribution in the test. Since the patient provides antibodies, the correct choice corresponds to 'anti-Brucella' (antibodies against Brucella).
Conclude that the item from the patient in an indirect ELISA test is the antibody specific to the antigen used, which is 'anti-Brucella'.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Indirect ELISA Test
Indirect ELISA is a laboratory technique used to detect antibodies in a patient's sample. It involves coating a plate with antigen, adding the patient's serum (which may contain antibodies), and then using a secondary antibody with an enzyme to produce a measurable signal.
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The Ames Test
Role of Antibodies in Indirect ELISA
In an indirect ELISA, the antibodies come from the patient’s sample and bind specifically to the antigen coated on the plate. Detecting these antibodies helps determine if the patient has been exposed to or infected by a particular pathogen.
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Components of ELISA Test Setup
Key components include the antigen (e.g., Brucella), the patient’s antibodies, and the enzyme substrate. The antigen is fixed on the plate, the patient’s antibodies bind if present, and the substrate reacts with the enzyme linked to the secondary antibody to produce a detectable signal.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
The examples in questions 1 and 2 are:
a. Direct tests
b. Indirect tests
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Textbook Question
How are monoclonal antibodies produced?
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Textbook Question
Explain the effects of excess antigen and antibody on the precipitation reaction. How is the precipitin ring test different from an immunodiffusion test?
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Textbook Question
In an immunodiffusion test, a strip of filter paper containing diphtheria antitoxin is placed on a solid culture medium. Then bacteria are streaked perpendicular to the filter paper. If the bacteria are toxigenic,
a. The filter paper will turn red
b. A line of antigen–antibody precipitate will form
c. The cells will lyse
d. The cells will fluoresce
e. None of the above
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Textbook Question
Use the following choices to answer questions 4 and 5:
a. Anti-Brucella
b. Brucella
c. Substrate for the enzyme
Which is the third step in a direct ELISA test?
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