Textbook Question
Before 2005, why was a test for antibodies against rubella required for females under age 50 before issuing a marriage license?
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Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - The Microbial World and You18
- Ch. 2 - Chemical Principles20
- Ch. 3 - Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope18
- Ch. 4 - Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells21
- Ch. 5 - Microbial Metabolism20
- Ch. 6 - Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 7 - The Control of Microbial Growth20
- Ch. 8 - Microbial Genetics19
- Ch. 9 - Biotechnology & DNA Technology20
- Ch. 10 - Classification of Microorganisms15
- Ch. 11 - The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea14
- Ch. 12 - The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths17
- Ch. 13 - Viruses, Viroids, and Prions20
- Ch. 14 - Principles of Disease and Epidemiology21
- Ch. 15 - Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity19
- Ch. 16 - Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 17 - Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host20
- Ch. 18 - Practical Applications of Immunology20
- Ch. 19 - Disorders Associated with the Immune System19
- Ch. 20 - Antimicrobial Drugs19
- Ch. 21 - Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes21
- Ch. 22 - Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System19
- Ch. 23 - Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems20
- Ch. 24 - Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System20
- Ch. 25 - Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System20
- Ch. 26 - Microbial Diseases of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems19
- Ch. 27 - Environmental Microbiology20
- Ch. 28 - Applied and Industrial Microbiology19
Tortora14th EditionMicrobiology: An IntroductionISBN: 9780138200398Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 21, Problem 3
A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.
The boy most likely had
a. Streptococcal sore throat.
b. Measles.
c. Rubella.
d. Smallpox.
e. Hand-foot-mouth disease.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Review the symptoms presented by the boy: fever, rash, headache, sore throat, cough, and a macular rash on the trunk, face, and arms.
Step 2: Note that the throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes, which helps rule out streptococcal sore throat (option a).
Step 3: Understand the characteristics of each disease option: measles typically presents with fever, cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, and a maculopapular rash starting on the face and spreading downward; rubella also causes a rash but is usually milder and accompanied by lymphadenopathy; smallpox presents with a more pustular rash; hand-foot-mouth disease has vesicular lesions primarily on hands, feet, and mouth.
Step 4: Compare the boy's symptoms and rash distribution with the typical presentation of measles, rubella, smallpox, and hand-foot-mouth disease to identify the most likely diagnosis.
Step 5: Conclude which disease best fits the clinical picture based on the presence of fever, cough, macular rash on face and trunk, and negative streptococcal culture.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Clinical Presentation of Viral Exanthems
Viral exanthems are rashes caused by viral infections, often accompanied by fever and systemic symptoms like headache and sore throat. Recognizing the pattern, distribution, and type of rash (e.g., macular) helps differentiate diseases such as measles, rubella, and others.
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Acute Viral Infections
Differential Diagnosis of Febrile Rash Illnesses in Children
Differentiating between illnesses like streptococcal pharyngitis, measles, rubella, smallpox, and hand-foot-mouth disease requires understanding their unique clinical features, incubation periods, and diagnostic tests, such as throat cultures and characteristic rash patterns.
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03:27Differential Staining
Role of Throat Culture in Diagnosing Streptococcal Infections
A throat culture is used to detect Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacteria causing streptococcal pharyngitis. A negative culture suggests the sore throat is not bacterial, guiding clinicians to consider viral causes like measles or rubella instead.
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02:58Growing a Pure Culture
Related Practice
Textbook Question
On the following figure, show the sites of the following infections: impetigo, folliculitis, acne, warts, shingles, sporotrichosis, pediculosis.
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Textbook Question
What bacteria are identified by a positive coagulase test? What bacteria are characterized as group A beta-hemolytic?
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Textbook Question
A 6-year old girl was taken to the physician for evaluation of a slowly growing bump on the back of her head. The bump was a raised, scaling lesion 4 cm in diameter. A fungal culture of material from the lesion was positive for a fungus with numerous conidia.
Besides the scalp, this disease can occur on all of the following except
a. Feet.
b. Nails.
c. The groin.
d. Subcutaneous tissue.
e. The disease can occur on all of these areas.
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Textbook Question
Complete the following table of epidemiology.
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Textbook Question
A 12-year old boy had a fever, rash, headache, sore throat, and cough. He also had a macular rash on his trunk, face, and arms. A throat culture was negative for Streptococcus pyogenes.
All of the following are complications of this disease except
a. Middle ear infections.
b. Pneumonia.
c. Birth defects.
d. Encephalitis.
e. All are complications of this disease.
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