Multiple Choice
Which of the following effects did the emergence of organic molecules have on Earth's early atmosphere and organisms?
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Intro to Organic Chemistry
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Which of the following processes is best described by the bottleneck effect in population genetics?
A
A sudden reduction in population size due to a natural disaster
B
The gradual adaptation of a population to its environment
C
The random mating of individuals within a large population
D
The introduction of new genetic material through migration
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by understanding the concept of the bottleneck effect in population genetics. The bottleneck effect occurs when there is a significant reduction in the size of a population due to an event, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.
Consider the options provided in the problem. The bottleneck effect is characterized by a sudden reduction in population size, not gradual changes or random mating.
Evaluate each option: A sudden reduction in population size due to a natural disaster aligns with the definition of the bottleneck effect, as it involves a rapid decrease in population size.
The gradual adaptation of a population to its environment is a process of natural selection, not a bottleneck effect, as it involves slow changes over time.
The random mating of individuals within a large population and the introduction of new genetic material through migration are processes that increase genetic diversity, contrasting with the bottleneck effect, which reduces it.
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