Multiple Choice
Which of the following molecules contains only bonds?
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1. A Review of General Chemistry
Sigma and Pi Bonds
Multiple Choice
Which types of orbital overlap occur between two adjacent atoms to form a ?
A
Two bonds from head-on overlap
B
One bond from head-on overlap and one bond from side-by-side overlap
C
One bond and two bonds
D
Two bonds from side-by-side overlap
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall that a double bond between two atoms consists of two types of covalent bonds: one sigma (\(\sigma\)) bond and one pi (\(\pi\)) bond.
Understand that a sigma (\(\sigma\)) bond is formed by the head-on (end-to-end) overlap of atomic orbitals along the internuclear axis. This overlap allows electron density to be concentrated directly between the two nuclei.
Recognize that a pi (\(\pi\)) bond is formed by the side-by-side (lateral) overlap of p orbitals that are oriented parallel to each other but perpendicular to the internuclear axis.
Combine these concepts to see that in a double bond, the first bond is a sigma (\(\sigma\)) bond formed by head-on overlap, and the second bond is a pi (\(\pi\)) bond formed by side-by-side overlap.
Therefore, the types of orbital overlap in a double bond are one sigma (\(\sigma\)) bond from head-on overlap and one pi (\(\pi\)) bond from side-by-side overlap.
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