Textbook Question
Draw condensed structures for the compounds represented by the following models (black = C, gray = H, red = O, blue = N, and green = Cl):
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d. <IMAGE>
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1. A Review of General Chemistry
Condensed Structural Formula
1:54 minutesProblem 47e
Textbook Question
Represent each of the following condensed structural formulas using a line-angle drawing.
(e) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2CH2CH2CHO
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Identify the main chain in the condensed structural formula. The main chain is the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms. In this case, the main chain consists of 7 carbon atoms, ending with an aldehyde group (-CHO).
Step 2: Recognize the substituents attached to the main chain. Here, there is a (CH3)2CH group (an isopropyl group) attached to the second carbon of the main chain.
Step 3: Begin drawing the line-angle structure. Start with a zigzag line representing the main chain of 7 carbons. Each vertex represents a carbon atom, and the aldehyde group (-CHO) is drawn explicitly at the end of the chain.
Step 4: Add the substituents to the line-angle structure. Attach the isopropyl group ((CH3)2CH) to the second carbon of the main chain. Represent the isopropyl group as a branch with two methyl groups attached to a single carbon.
Step 5: Double-check the structure to ensure all carbons and hydrogens are accounted for, and the aldehyde group is correctly placed at the terminal position. Verify that the structure matches the condensed formula provided.
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Video duration:
1mKey Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Condensed Structural Formulas
Condensed structural formulas provide a simplified representation of a molecule, showing the arrangement of atoms and their connectivity without depicting all the bonds explicitly. In these formulas, groups of atoms are often grouped together, such as (CH3)2, indicating branching or functional groups. Understanding how to interpret these formulas is essential for translating them into line-angle drawings.
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Line-Angle Drawings
Line-angle drawings, also known as skeletal structures, are a shorthand way of representing organic molecules. In these drawings, vertices represent carbon atoms, and lines represent bonds between them. Hydrogen atoms attached to carbons are usually omitted for simplicity. Mastery of this drawing technique is crucial for visualizing molecular structures quickly and efficiently.
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Functional Groups
Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. In the given formula, the presence of the aldehyde group (CHO) indicates that the molecule has specific reactivity and properties. Recognizing functional groups is vital for understanding the behavior and classification of organic compounds.
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