Using curved arrows, show the principal fragments you would expect to see in the mass spectrum of each of the following compounds:
d.

For each of the molecules shown, predict the structure of at least one major fragment in the mass spectrum.

(b)

The molecular ion (M) is significant in the mass spectrum of benzyl fluoride, but it is barely present in the mass spectrum of benzyl iodide. Why might this be the case?

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The mass spectrum of tert-butylamine follows shows an intense base peak at m/z 58, and very little else. Use a diagram to show the cleavage that accounts for the base peak. Suggest why no molecular ion is visible in this spectrum.

The mass spectrum for a compound with molecular weight of 102 is shown below. Its IR spectrum has a broad, strong absorption at 3600 cm^–1 and a medium absorption at 1360 cm^–1.

a. Identify the compound.

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The following compounds undergo McLafferty rearrangement in the mass spectrometer. Predict the masses of the resulting charged fragments.

(b) 3-methylhexan-2-one

An acid-catalyzed reaction was carried out using methyl cellosolve (2-methoxyethanol) as the solvent. When the 2-methoxyethanol was redistilled, a higher-boiling fraction (bp 162°C) was also recovered. The mass spectrum of this fraction showed the molecular weight to be 134. The IR and NMR spectra are shown here. Determine the structure of this compound, and propose a mechanism for its formation.

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The following spectra for A and B correspond to two structural isomers. The NMR singlet at δ1.16 in spectrum A disappears when the sample is shaken with D₂O. The singlet at δ0.6 ppm in the spectrum of B disappears on shaking with D₂O. Propose structures for these isomers, and show how your structures correspond to the spectra. Show what cleavage is responsible for the base peak at m/z 44 in the mass spectrum of A and the prominent peak at m/z 58 in the mass spectrum of B.

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An unknown compound gives a mass spectrum with a weak molecular ion at m/z 113 and a prominent ion at m/z 68. Its NMR and IR spectra are shown here. Determine the structure, and show how it is consistent with the observed absorptions. Propose a favorable fragmentation to explain the prominent MS peak at m/z 68.

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