4. Alkanes and Cycloalkanes

Draw the structure and give the systematic name for a compound with molecular formula C₅H₁₂ that has

(c) one tertiary hydrogen

Name the following alkanes using the IUPAC system of nomenclature. [Each molecule exemplifies one of the nomenclature rules in Tables 3.7 and 3.8.]

(j) rule 5

What is each compound’s systematic name?

i.

What is each compound’s systematic name?

e.

f.

a. There are 18 isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C₈H₁₈. Draw and name any eight of them.

For each molecular formula, draw all the isomeric alkynes, and give their IUPAC names. Circle the acetylenic hydrogen of each terminal alkyne.

(b) C₆H₁₀ (seven isomers)

Using the general molecular formula for alkanes:

a. Predict the molecular formula of the C₂₈ straight-chain alkane.

Draw a condensed and a skeletal structure for each of the following:

b. 2,2,5-trimethylhexane

Make a model of propane (C₃H₈), and draw this model using dashed lines and wedges to represent bonds going back and coming forward.

Correct the following incorrect names using standard IUPAC nomenclature. [Draw a compound that corresponds to the incorrect name, and then rename it.]

(a) 4-methylhexane