Textbook Question
Give the systematic names for all alkanes with molecular formula C7H16 that do not have any secondary hydrogens.
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Ch. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure
Bruice8th EditionOrganic ChemistryISBN: 9780135213711
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 - Remembering General Chemistry: Electronic Structure and Bonding (Part 1)31
- Ch. 1 - Remembering General Chemistry: Electronic Structure and Bonding (Part 2)65
- Ch. 2 - Acids and Bases: Central to Understanding Organic Chemistry84
- Ch. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and Structure183
- Ch. 4 - Isomers: The Arrangement of Atoms in Space121
- Ch. 5 - Alkenes: Structure, Nomenclature, and an Introduction to Reactivity • Thermodynamics and Kinetics83
- Ch. 6 - The Reactions of Alkenes • The Stereochemistry of Addition Reactions175
- Ch. 7 - The Reactions of Alkynes • An Introduction to Multistep Synthesis119
- Ch. 8 - Delocalized Electrons: Their Effect on Stability, pKa, and the Products of a Reaction • Aromaticity and Electronic Effects: An Introduction to the Reactions of Benzene148
- Ch. 9 - Substitution and Elimination Reactions of Alkyl Halides212
- Ch. 10 - Reactions of Alcohols, Ethers, Epoxides, Amines, and Sulfur-Containing Compounds131
- Ch. 11 - Organometallic Compounds60
- Ch. 12 - Radicals90
- Ch. 13 - Mass Spectrometry; Infrared Spectroscopy; UV/Vis Spectroscopy62
- Ch. 14 - NMR Spectroscopy95
- Ch. 15 - Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives123
- Ch. 16 - Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones • More Reactions of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives141
- Ch. 17 - Reactions at the Alpha-Carbon101
- Ch. 18 - Reactions of Benzene and Substituted Benzenes144
- Ch. 19 - More About Amines • Reactions of Heterocyclic Compounds49
- Ch. 20 - The Organic Chemistry of Carbohydrates80
- Ch. 21 - Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins57
- Ch. 22 - Catalysis in Organic Reactions and in Enzymatic Reactions35
- Ch. 23 - The Organic Chemistry of the Coenzymes—Compounds Derived from Vitamins1
- Ch. 28 - Pericyclic Reactions58
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Bruice 8th EditionCh. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and StructureProblem 67k
Bruice 8th EditionCh. 3 - An Introduction to Organic Compounds:Nomenclature, Physical Properties, and StructureProblem 67kChapter 4, Problem 67k
A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
k. 2-methyl-2-isopropylheptane
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Analyze the structure provided in the image. The compound consists of a heptane backbone (7 carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain) with substituents attached.
Step 2: Identify the substituents and their positions on the main chain. The structure has a methyl group (-CH3) and an isopropyl group (-CH(CH3)2) attached to the second carbon of the heptane chain.
Step 3: Apply IUPAC naming rules. The substituents should be listed in alphabetical order, and the numbering of the main chain should minimize the locants (positions) of the substituents.
Step 4: Correct the name if necessary. The name '2-methyl-2-isopropylheptane' is incorrect because it does not follow the alphabetical order rule for substituents. The correct name should be '2-isopropyl-2-methylheptane'.
Step 5: Verify the corrected name by ensuring it adheres to all IUPAC rules, including proper locants, alphabetical order, and correct identification of the longest chain.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
IUPAC Nomenclature
IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for naming based on the structure of the molecule, including the longest carbon chain, the position of substituents, and functional groups. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately naming compounds and communicating their structures in a standardized way.
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The different parts of an IUPAC name
Structural Isomers
Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms. This concept is crucial in organic chemistry as it affects the properties and reactivity of the compounds. Recognizing structural isomers helps in understanding how different arrangements can lead to different names and classifications.
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Substituent Naming
Substituents are atoms or groups of atoms that replace hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon chain. In IUPAC naming, substituents are identified and named based on their structure and position on the main carbon chain. Correctly identifying and naming substituents is vital for deriving the systematic name of a compound, as it influences the overall nomenclature.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
e. 5-(2,2-dimethylethyl)nonane
f. isopentylbromide
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Textbook Question
A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
g. 3,3-dichlorooctane
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Textbook Question
A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
l. 2-methyl-N,N-dimethyl-4-hexanamine
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Textbook Question
Which of the following conformers has the highest energy (is the least stable)?
1382
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Textbook Question
A student was given the structural formulas of several compounds and was asked to give them systematic names. How many did the student name correctly? Correct those that are misnamed.
h. 5-ethyl-2-methylhexane
1030
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