11. Correlation

$$Which of the following scatterplots shows the weakest positive linear association between two variables?$$

Suppose a scatterplot displays a strong, positive linear relationship between two variables. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data shown in the graph?

Scatterplots are used to determine which of the following about two quantitative variables?

On a scatterplot, are costs typically plotted on the $x$-axis?

Given four scatterplots labeled A, B, C, and D, and the following correlation coefficients: $0.9$, $-0.8$, $0$, and $0.4$, which correlation coefficient most likely corresponds to a scatterplot showing a strong negative linear relationship?

Which of the following best describes a scatterplot and its primary use in statistics?

Which of the following scatterplots best illustrates an outlier in the $y$-direction?

Given a scatterplot of two numeric variables where the points form a pattern that rises from left to right, what type of relationship is represented?

Which of the following statements about scatterplots and $r$ (correlation) is correct?

Which of the following best describes a nonlinear association in a scatterplot?

Suppose you are shown two scatterplots: Scatterplot A shows a strong upward trend with points closely clustered around a straight line, while Scatterplot B shows points widely scattered with no apparent pattern. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by the graphs?

The table shows the mean driving speed of drivers in a 55mph zone and the number of speeding tickets they've received in the past 10 years. Plot the data in a scatterplot with speed on the x-axis. What can you determine about the relationship between mean speed and the number of speeding tickets?

Engineers are studying how cargo weight affects the flight duration of a delivery drone. The data below shows the cargo weight (pounds) and the corresponding flight time (minutes) for 12 test flights. Generate a scatterplot using a graphing calculator with cargo weight as the x-axis. Is there a correlation between cargo weight and flight duration.

8. In your own words, what does it mean to say "correlation does not imply causation"? List a pair of variables that have correlation but no cause-and-effect relationship.

"In Exercises 19-22, two variables are given that have been shown to have correlation but no cause-and-effect relationship. Describe at least one possible reason for the correlation.

21. Ice cream sales and homicide rates"