11. Correlation

$$Which of the following scatterplots shows the weakest positive linear association between two variables?$$

Suppose a scatterplot displays a strong, positive linear relationship between two variables. Which of the following statements is best supported by the data shown in the graph?

Scatterplots are used to determine which of the following about two quantitative variables?

On a scatterplot, are costs typically plotted on the $x$-axis?

Given four scatterplots labeled A, B, C, and D, and the following correlation coefficients: $0.9$, $-0.8$, $0$, and $0.4$, which correlation coefficient most likely corresponds to a scatterplot showing a strong negative linear relationship?

What is the difference between univariate data and bivariate data?

[DATA] Bear Markets A bear market in the stock market is defined as a condition in which the market declines by 20% or more over the course of at least two months. The following data represent the number of months and percentage change in the S&P 500 (a group of 500 stocks) for a sample of bear markets.

a. Treating the length of the bear market as the explanatory variable, draw a scatter diagram of the data.

Faulty Use of Correlation On the basis of the scatter diagram below, explain what is wrong with the following statement: “Because the linear correlation coefficient between age and median income is 0.012, there is no relation between age and median income.”

Graphical Analysis In Exercises 11–14, determine whether there is a perfect positive linear correlation, a strong positive linear correlation, a perfect negative linear correlation, a strong negative linear correlation, or no linear correlation between the variables.

Which of the following best describes a scatterplot and its primary use in statistics?

"Old Vehicles In Exercises 31–34, use the figure shown at the left.

Scatter Plot Construct a scatter plot of the data. Show y and x on the graph."

Which of the following scatterplots best illustrates an outlier in the $y$-direction?