Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

ATP

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

ATP

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Multiple Choice

How is ATP used during muscle contraction?

ATP is used to convert actin into myosin.

ATP is required to initiate the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

ATP is used to pump calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

ATP binds to myosin, allowing it to detach from actin after the power stroke.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of ATP in muscle contraction: ATP is crucial for muscle contraction and relaxation. It provides the energy needed for various steps in the contraction cycle.

Identify the process of the power stroke: During muscle contraction, myosin heads bind to actin filaments, forming cross-bridges. The power stroke occurs when the myosin head pivots, pulling the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere.

Recognize the role of ATP in detachment: After the power stroke, ATP binds to the myosin head. This binding causes a conformational change in the myosin, reducing its affinity for actin and allowing the myosin head to detach from the actin filament.

Understand ATP hydrolysis: Once ATP is bound to myosin, it is hydrolyzed to ADP and inorganic phosphate. This hydrolysis provides the energy needed to re-cock the myosin head, preparing it for the next cycle of binding and power stroke.

Learn about calcium ion regulation: ATP is also used to pump calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is essential for muscle relaxation. This process ensures that calcium ions are available for the next contraction cycle.