Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

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Multiple Choice

What property prevents the ligands of cell-surface receptors from entering the cell?

Hydrophobicity

Hydrophilicity

High lipid solubility

Small molecular size

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of cell-surface receptors: These receptors are proteins located on the cell membrane that bind to specific ligands, which are molecules that can trigger a response in the cell.

Identify the nature of ligands that bind to cell-surface receptors: These ligands are typically hydrophilic, meaning they are water-soluble and cannot easily pass through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.

Recognize the property of hydrophilicity: Hydrophilic molecules are attracted to water and are unable to pass through the hydrophobic (water-repelling) interior of the cell membrane, which is composed of lipids.

Contrast hydrophilicity with hydrophobicity: Hydrophobic molecules are lipid-soluble and can pass through the cell membrane, unlike hydrophilic molecules which require cell-surface receptors to mediate their effects.

Consider the implications of ligand size and lipid solubility: While small molecular size and high lipid solubility can facilitate entry into the cell, hydrophilic ligands rely on cell-surface receptors due to their inability to penetrate the lipid bilayer.