Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Chemical Reactions

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2:58 minutes

Problem 19

Textbook Question

Identify each of the following reactions as a synthesis, decomposition, or exchange reaction:
2Hg + O₂ 2HgO
Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹
HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O
HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the three types of chemical reactions. Synthesis reactions involve combining two or more reactants to form a single product. Decomposition reactions involve breaking down a compound into simpler substances. Exchange reactions involve swapping components between reactants to form new products.

Step 2: Analyze the first reaction: 2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO. Here, two reactants (Hg and O₂) combine to form a single product (HgO). This is characteristic of a synthesis reaction.

Step 3: Analyze the second reaction: Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹. In this reaction, components are exchanged between the reactants (Fe²¹ and CuSO₄), resulting in new products (FeSO₄ and Cu²¹). This is an exchange reaction.

Step 4: Analyze the third reaction: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O. This reaction involves the exchange of ions between HCl and NaOH to form NaCl and H₂O. This is also an exchange reaction, specifically a neutralization reaction.

Step 5: Analyze the fourth reaction: HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻. Here, a single compound (HNO₃) breaks down into two simpler substances (H⁺ and NO₃⁻). This is characteristic of a decomposition reaction.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Synthesis Reaction

A synthesis reaction, also known as a combination reaction, occurs when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. This type of reaction can be represented by the general equation A + B → AB. An example is the reaction of mercury and oxygen to form mercury oxide (2Hg + O₂ → 2HgO).

Decomposition Reaction

A decomposition reaction involves the breakdown of a single compound into two or more simpler products. This can be represented by the general equation AB → A + B. An example is the dissociation of nitric acid into hydrogen ions and nitrate ions (HNO₃ → H⁺ + NO₃⁻).

Exchange Reaction

An exchange reaction, also known as a double displacement reaction, occurs when parts of two compounds exchange places to form two new compounds. This can be represented by the general equation AB + CD → AD + CB. An example is the reaction between iron ions and copper sulfate, resulting in iron sulfate and copper (Fe²¹ + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu²¹).

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

The following equation, which represents the oxidative breakdown of glucose by body cells, is a reversible reaction. Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP

How can you indicate that the reaction is reversible?

How can you indicate that the reaction is in chemical equilibrium?

Define chemical equilibrium

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