21. The Immune System

The most beneficial effect of fever is that it

(a) Inhibits the spread of some bacteria and viruses

(b) Increases the metabolic rate by up to 10 percent

(c) Stimulates the release of pyrogens

(d) Achieves a and b

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Phagocytic cells of innate immunity include NK cells and basophils.

More than one choice may apply.

Chemical mediators of inflammation include

a. Interferon

b. Complement

c. Histamine

d. Antibodies

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Fever is generated by pyrogens that reset the temperature set point of the hypothalamus to a lower value.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Neutrophils are a critical component of the response to a parasitic infection.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

NK cells are cytotoxic cells that lyse and kill cancer cells and cells infected with certain viruses.

Which of the following statements about phagosomes and phagolysosomes are true?

The process by which neutrophils squeeze through capillary walls in response to inflammatory signals is called:

a. Diapedesis

b. Chemotaxis

c. Margination

d. Opsonization

Give a function for each of the following:

(l) Interleukins

(m) Tumor necrosis factor

(n) Colony-stimulating factors

More than one choice may apply.

Against which of the following will interferon do some good?

a. Infection of body cells by a virus

b. Circulating free viruses

c. Some types of cancer

d. Bacterial infection