15. The Special Senses

What is the difference between special senses and general senses?

Which of the following correctly matches the sense to the type of stimulus it measures in the environment?

Which of the following cranial nerves is not involved in the gustatory sense?

a. Vagus nerve (X)

b. Hypoglossal nerve (XII)

c. Facial nerve (VII)

d. Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

Tears normally flow from the lacrimal sac into the:

a. Lacrimal gland

b. Lacrimal canaliculi

c. Lacrimal puncta

d. Nasolacrimal duct

1. Match the cell type with the correct stimulus. 

_____Rod or cone     

_____Hair cell in cochlea     

_____Gustatory cell     

_____Olfactory neuron     

_____Hair cell in vestibule

a. Head movement

b. Odorant

c. Photon

d. Taste substance

e. Sound wave

The axons of the olfactory nerve terminate in the:

a. Olfactory epithelium

b. Olfactory bulb

c. Olfactory tract

d. Primary olfactory cortex

In an olfactory neuron, the binding of a(n) ______ to its membrane receptor triggers a(n) _______ potential in the axons of the ______ nerve.

The primary olfactory cortex is located in the:

a. Frontal lobe

b. Occipital lobe

c. Parietal lobe

d. Temporal lobe

Which of the following statements is true regarding gustatory cells?

a. They have microvilli that project into the taste pore.

b. There are only 10–20 gustatory cells in a typical taste bud.

c. They have a lifespan of approximately 6 months.

d. Some form synapses with neurons that give rise to the trigeminal nerve.

Match the taste with the chemical substance that produces it. 

___Sweet      

___Sour     

___Salty      

___Bitter      

___Umami

a. Many alkaloids

b. Sucrose

c. Glutamate

d. Sodium ions

e. Hydrogen ions

The axons from the nasal retina in the left eye terminate in the:

a. Right lateral geniculate nucleus

b. Left lateral geniculate nucleus

c. Right medial occipital lobe

d. Left medial occipital lobe

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The incus is connected to the tympanic membrane.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The stapes is attached to the oval window.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

The auditory canal is separated from the middle ear by the round window.