Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

2. Water

Acids and Bases

Biochemistry

2. Water

Acids and Bases

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following acids occurs naturally in the human body and plays an important regulatory role?

Nitric acid ($\mathrm{HNO_3}$)

Sulfuric acid ($\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$)

Carbonic acid ($\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$)

Hydrochloric acid ($\mathrm{HCl}$)

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by identifying the acids listed in the problem and their chemical formulas: Nitric acid ($\mathrm{HNO_3}$), Sulfuric acid ($\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$), Carbonic acid ($\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$), and Hydrochloric acid ($\mathrm{HCl}$).

Step 2: Recall the role of each acid in biological systems. Nitric acid ($\mathrm{HNO_3}$) and Sulfuric acid ($\mathrm{H_2SO_4}$) are strong acids but do not naturally occur in the human body in significant amounts or play regulatory roles.

Step 3: Consider Carbonic acid ($\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$). It is formed in the human body as part of the carbon dioxide ($\mathrm{CO_2}$) transport system. Carbonic acid plays a critical role in maintaining pH balance in the blood through the bicarbonate buffer system.

Step 4: Evaluate Hydrochloric acid ($\mathrm{HCl}$). It is secreted by the stomach lining and aids in digestion by creating an acidic environment, but its role is more localized to digestion rather than broad regulatory functions.

Step 5: Conclude that Carbonic acid ($\mathrm{H_2CO_3}$) is the correct answer because it naturally occurs in the human body and plays an important regulatory role in maintaining pH homeostasis.