Multiple Choice
What determines the order of amino acids in the primary structure of a protein?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
Multiple Choice
Which of the following functional groups is found in all standard amino acids?
A
Amino group (\(-NH_2\))
B
Methyl group (\(-CH_3\))
C
Sulfhydryl group (\(-SH\))
D
Phosphate group (\(-PO_4^{2-}\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of standard amino acids. All standard amino acids share a common backbone structure consisting of a central carbon atom (the alpha carbon) bonded to four groups: an amino group (
), a carboxyl group (
), a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group).
Step 2: Analyze the functional groups listed in the question. The amino group (
) is part of the backbone structure of all standard amino acids. The other groups listed (methyl group, sulfhydryl group, and phosphate group) are not universally present in all amino acids.
Step 3: Recall that the methyl group (
) is found in specific amino acids like alanine, but not in all amino acids. Similarly, the sulfhydryl group (
) is unique to cysteine, and the phosphate group (
) is not a component of standard amino acids.
Step 4: Confirm that the amino group (
) is universally present in all standard amino acids, as it is essential for forming peptide bonds during protein synthesis.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the amino group (
), as it is the functional group found in all standard amino acids.
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