Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements best describes the role of insulin in the body?
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12. Biosignaling
Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism
Multiple Choice
Insulin ______ blood K\(^+\) levels by stimulating ______ in cells.
A
increases; release of K\(^+\)
B
increases; uptake of K\(^+\)
C
decreases; release of K\(^+\)
D
decreases; uptake of K\(^+\)
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the role of insulin in the body. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism and has effects on ion transport, including potassium (K\(^+\)).
Step 2: Recall that insulin stimulates the activity of Na\(^+\)/K\(^+\) ATPase pumps in cell membranes. These pumps actively transport K\(^+\) ions into cells while moving Na\(^+\) ions out of cells.
Step 3: Consider the effect of increased K\(^+\) uptake into cells. When insulin stimulates the Na\(^+\)/K\(^+\) ATPase, more K\(^+\) is moved from the extracellular space into the intracellular space, thereby decreasing blood K\(^+\) levels.
Step 4: Analyze the options provided in the question. The correct answer must reflect the decrease in blood K\(^+\) levels and the mechanism of uptake of K\(^+\) into cells.
Step 5: Confirm that the correct answer is 'decreases; uptake of K\(^+\)' because insulin lowers blood K\(^+\) levels by stimulating the uptake of K\(^+\) into cells via Na\(^+\)/K\(^+\) ATPase activity.
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