Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

Biochemistry

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the role of insulin in the body?

Insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.

Insulin inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels.

Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by understanding the role of insulin in the body. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Its primary function is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.

Step 2: Analyze the incorrect options one by one. For example, 'Insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver' is incorrect because gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, which is typically inhibited by insulin.

Step 3: Evaluate the second incorrect option, 'Insulin inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids in adipose tissue.' This is incorrect because insulin actually promotes fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue by stimulating lipogenesis.

Step 4: Assess the third incorrect option, 'Insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels.' This is incorrect because insulin inhibits glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen) and instead promotes glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) to store glucose.

Step 5: Confirm the correct answer, 'Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.' Insulin facilitates glucose transport into cells by activating glucose transporters, such as GLUT4, and helps maintain homeostasis by reducing blood glucose levels.