Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

Biochemistry

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

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Multiple Choice

The function of insulin is to _______.

inhibit glucose uptake by cells

stimulate the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose

increase gluconeogenesis in the liver

promote the uptake of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of insulin in the body: Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Its primary function is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells.

Clarify the mechanism of glucose uptake: Insulin binds to insulin receptors on the surface of cells, triggering a signaling cascade that leads to the translocation of glucose transporter proteins (such as GLUT4) to the cell membrane. These transporters facilitate the entry of glucose into the cell.

Differentiate insulin's function from other processes: Insulin does not stimulate glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) or increase gluconeogenesis (glucose production in the liver). Instead, it promotes glycogen synthesis and inhibits gluconeogenesis to lower blood glucose levels.

Relate insulin's function to blood glucose regulation: By promoting glucose uptake into cells, insulin reduces the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, maintaining homeostasis and preventing hyperglycemia.

Summarize the correct answer: Insulin's primary function is to promote the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. This is distinct from the other options provided in the question.