Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

Biochemistry

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

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Multiple Choice

Which three structural groups are present in all standard amino acids?

Carboxyl group ($-COOH$), phosphate group ($-PO_4^{3-}$), and side chain (R group)

Amino group ($-NH_2$), carboxyl group ($-COOH$), and hydrogen atom

Amino group ($-NH_2$), hydroxyl group ($-OH$), and side chain (R group)

Amino group ($-NH_2$), methyl group ($-CH_3$), and carboxyl group ($-COOH$)

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by understanding the structure of standard amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and share a common structure consisting of specific functional groups.

Step 2: Identify the three structural groups that are present in all standard amino acids. These include: (1) an amino group ($-NH_2$), (2) a carboxyl group ($-COOH$), and (3) a hydrogen atom attached to the central carbon.

Step 3: Note that the central carbon atom, known as the alpha carbon, is also bonded to a variable side chain (R group), which differentiates one amino acid from another. However, the R group is not one of the three universal structural groups.

Step 4: Eliminate incorrect options by analyzing the functional groups listed. For example, phosphate groups ($-PO_4^{3-}$), hydroxyl groups ($-OH$), and methyl groups ($-CH_3$) are not universally present in all amino acids.

Step 5: Confirm that the correct answer is the combination of amino group ($-NH_2$), carboxyl group ($-COOH$), and hydrogen atom, as these are the consistent structural groups found in all standard amino acids.