Multiple Choice
How many standard amino acids are commonly found in proteins?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
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Which functional groups are present in the general structure of an amino acid?
A
An amino group (\(-NH_2\)) and a carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
B
A hydroxyl group (\(-OH\)) and a methyl group (\(-CH_3\))
C
A phosphate group (\(-PO_4^{3-}\)) and a sulfhydryl group (\(-SH\))
D
A carbonyl group (\(>C=O\)) and an aldehyde group (\(-CHO\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the general structure of an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and have a central carbon atom (called the alpha carbon) bonded to four different groups: an amino group (
), a carboxyl group (
), a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group).
Step 2: Analyze the functional groups listed in the options. Identify which of these groups are part of the general structure of an amino acid. For example, the amino group (
) and the carboxyl group (
) are always present in amino acids.
Step 3: Eliminate options that include functional groups not found in the general structure of amino acids. For example, a hydroxyl group (
) or a methyl group (
) are not part of the general structure but may appear in specific side chains.
Step 4: Confirm that the amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
) are the correct functional groups present in all amino acids, as these are essential for their structure and function.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the option containing the amino group (
) and the carboxyl group (
), as these are universally present in the general structure of amino acids.
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Amino Acid Groups practice set
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