Multiple Choice
In translation (Central Dogma), how many mRNA codons specify one amino acid in a growing polypeptide chain?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Central Dogma
Multiple Choice
In the context of the central dogma, which statement correctly describes the relationship between a codon and an amino acid during translation?
A
A codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid (or a stop signal) during protein synthesis.
B
A codon is a three-amino-acid sequence in a polypeptide that specifies a particular mRNA nucleotide.
C
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in DNA that directly binds an amino acid without the need for RNA.
D
A codon is a single nucleotide in tRNA that determines which amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
Recall that during translation, the mRNA sequence is read in sets of three nucleotides called codons.
Each codon in the mRNA corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal that tells the ribosome to end protein synthesis.
Recognize that codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA, not amino acids or single nucleotides in tRNA or DNA directly.
Conclude that the correct description is: a codon is a three-nucleotide sequence in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid (or a stop signal) during protein synthesis.
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